Showing posts with label Network. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Network. Show all posts

Monday, August 23, 2010

Copywriting Tips To Improve Your Online Business

Once an administrator has taken the balderdash by the horns and started his or her own home based business, the time has amorphous to accouterment all of the little tasks that go forth with it. One of these-- and one that some humans assume to abhorrence added than abounding others --is copywriting. Tips for creating able archetype for your company's Internet attendance can alone advice you to administer a bigger and added able interface with audience and added businesses.

After all, let's face it, in the avant-garde business apple it is a lot of about the archetype on your website that is apprehend first.

Create Archetype That Interacts With People

The aboriginal assignment in autograph acceptable archetype for your website is to accomplish the agreeable assume absorbing and lively. So abundant of what humans apprehend on the Internet can be dry as melba toast, and it can in actuality advice your could cause to accomplish your advice just a little bit blustery, just to accumulate things lively.

Using hyperbole to accomplish a point is not a bad decision-- in fact, it can add to the readability of your text. In addition, you will wish the clairvoyant to feel that he or she is getting announced with, directly. The best way to administer this is to use the chat "YOU" as against to apropos to things in the third being (they, he, she, etc.). Already the abeyant applicant feels anon addressed in your content, he or she may be beneath acceptable to bang abroad from the advice afore commutual it.

Start (And Deliver) With A Bang

Any archetype that needs to ability the audience will charge to accept a hook, so it is a acceptable abstraction to never belittle the ability of a acceptable headline. Yes, it is the beeline allotment of your copy… but it is aswell the articulation that will actuate whether a lot of abeyant audience anytime even adjudge to attending at the blow of the content.

Find the a lot of important allotment of what you are aggravating to acquaint the customer, and LEAD them into it with the headline. From that point, already you accept their attention, you can use your alternate autograph to accumulate them occupied. A lot of experts accede that archetype on your website should about be accounting at about an 8th brand account level, so as to accomplish the agreeable attainable to a advanced array of abeyant customers.

Don't Stop Writing!

Some humans feel actual afflictive with autograph their own copy, while others accept a audible adroitness for it. Even if it doesn't assume to appear as easily, one of the best things that you can do for the account of your company's website is to accumulate autograph archetype for it.

You may not even use all of it, and you may alone use your own archetype for assertive elements of the business, but it will advice to accord you buying of your company… and it will absolutely advance you to become a bigger copywriter at the aforementioned time. A lot of importantly, it places the brand of your accounting personality there for the applicant to collaborate with.

Sunday, March 22, 2009

TCP/IP Protocol

Networking is divided into variety of protocols like

  1. SMPT -: simple mail transfer protocol
  2. UDP -: user datagram protocol
  3. TCP/IP -: Transmission control protocol/internet protocol
  4. FTP -: File transfer protocol
  5. GTP -: Gateway discover protocol
  6. HTTP -: Hyper text transfer protocol

Amongst all these, TCP/IP protocol are highly used protocols. There are basically seven OSI (Open systems interconnection) layers, where the TCP/IP routes under transport layer which is the forth layer in OSI system model shown in the picture below.

OSI layer

OSI layer

TCP/IP is a set of communication protocol used for running internet and other similar networks. These are only the first protocols defined in these standards. Today’s IP addresses are completely based on these set of protocols. The internet protocol like other protocols are a set of various layers built in together to run a particular application. The internet protocol set came out from the work done by (DARPA) Defense Advanced Research Project Agency in eary 1970’s. It was soon developed after building up the set for ARPNET. The TCP is at the central and the core of networking whereas IP as a job of handling the lower-level transmission of computer networks. Besides networking it also handles the e-mail and file-transfer services.
The TCP/IP is basically bound together because, if incase the IP loses some packets at the time of packet transmission the TCP finds these errors and detects them to recollect the respective packets and make its working effective and efficient. These days IP’s are used which are known as IPv4 i.e IP version 4 consisting of 16 bits, however no sooner IPv6 are going to be launched. There a IP conflicts being committed in public networks hence there is an introduction of IPv6.

Built ur network via LAN




From this article I am going to show you how to built a network via LAN. Basic things required while building up a network are
  • LAN Cable with rj45 connectors
  • Computers between the networking is to be done.

RJ45 is basically called as Register Jacket. It is a piece of plastic bound with different types of wires in a particular and sequential range for the purpose of running of different applications. This jack helps to enable you to to ping with the other node.

rj

Entire networking is based on the TCP/IP ports explained in my previous posts. Each computers should be provided with its individual IP address. IP address are basically classified in 3 types A, B, C

ranging from 1 to 255. This range is as follows.

Class A- 0 to 127

Class B- 128 to 191

Class C- 192 to 223

A local area network gives networking features to the computers in close distance with each other in an office,school, building etc.However a LAN can be connected to many LANs based on a varied distance using telephone lines, radio waves.Here are some steps which can help you to built a network at your home on your own.

  • The first and the basic step before setting up a network is to check whether LAN drivers are successfully installed on both the computers.
  • Then you have to insert both the connectors on the respective computers rj45 ports.
  • Ones you are done with it, the next part is of assigning IP addresses.
  • Go to Start>Control panel>Network Connections>right click on Local Area Connection>properties> (TCP/IP)>properties.
  • click on Use the following IP address: the next step is to put IP addresses.
  • Remember you have to put IP addresses ranging from 1 to 254 only.
  • For instance you can put:

IP address: 192.168.1.1
subnet mask:255.255.255.0 (will appear by default)
Default gateway: put same as IP address.

ip settings

ip settings

(done for the 1st pc)

Follow the same steps for the second PC bt here you Just have to change the IP address, for instance you can keep it 192.168.1.2 and the other two kept same.Save the settings for both the computer. To test whether the network is working fine you can go to cmd and type in “ping ip” without quotes. If you get a reply, then your network is setup successfully.

Pinging a Computer in my network

Pinging a Computer in my network

ipconfig command is used to get your ip address and other connection details.

Sharing is very important, for a successful usage of documents between two computers. This process is very simple.

Just right click on the folder you want to share, go to sharing and security, and just allow the folder to be shared. Finish it, now you can access the folder on other computer from My Network Places else you also have a another trick to do it, as you have to go to StartMenu> Run and type there \\ip of the computer on the network you want to access. When you type this command, it will eventually show you the shared files on the network. After this process you can access all the files shared on the network just as shown in below pic.

sharing

sharing

Have fun sharing files and playing games.

-source: geniushacker.com

-edit by: rengzzone-unique

Friday, March 20, 2009

WIRELES HACKING TOOLS

Tool wireles

NetStumbler

Netstumbler is known as a Network Stumbleris tool acilitates detecting use of Wireless Lans Wireless 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11g WLAN standards that are running on the operating system from Microsoft Win98 - Win Vista, there is also another version called Mini Stumbler is Anothere operating system Windows CE. For tool "that can be in the small handheld.
You can get it here

Aircrack
Fastest for the WEP / WPA cracking tool
Aircrack is a tool suite for 802.11a/b/g WEP and WPA cracking. This can be done in 40 to 512-bit WEP password is encrypted and only once the package has been collected. Aircrack can also attack WPA 1 or 2 networks using advanced cryptographic methods or abusive force. Suite that includes airodump (an 802.11 packet taker program), aireplay (an 802.11 packet injection program), aircrack (static WEP and WPA-PSK cracking), and airdecap (decrypts WEP / WPA for the authority file).
You can get here Aircrack

Airsnort
802.11 WEP Encryption Cracking Tool
AirSnort is a wireless LAN (WLAN) tool which is used for encryption merecover password. It was developed by the shmoo group passive and operated by monitoring the transmission, computing the encryption password will be made if the package has been collected. You may also be interested in. Airsnort this.
You can get here AirSnort

Cowpatty
Cowpatty this is a good tool to force cracking WPA-PSK, considered the "New WEP" for Wireless Home Security. This program is only to try a bunch of different options from the dictionary file to see and find what is defined as the Pre-Shared Key.
You can get here Cowpatty

Asleap
This tool is very good when using the network Leap. This tool can be used to collect data through authentication is in the network, and this can be sniffed at so that it can crack. Leap does not protect the authentication like other "real" EAP, which is the main reason why Leap can be easily damaged.
You can get here Leap

Ethereal
Ethereal is used by all the world by both Wind0s and opensource operating system, which is used for troubleshooting, analysis, software and protocol development, and education. Has all the standard features that will be expected in the analysis protocol, and several features not seen in every product. Open source license allows the addition of enhancements for those of you that have the expertise. Good luk!!try it..!!
You can download here Ethereal

Yang lainnya:


AiO Wireless Hack Tools 2009:

• NetStumbler 0.4.0
• Kismet 2005 08 R
• Wellenreiter v1.9
• WEP Crack 0.1.0
• Airsnort 0.2.7e
• Wepwedgie 0.1.0 alpha
• Hotspotter 0.4

Information File:

Name: AIO Wireless Hack Tools 2009 Full
Size: 8,1 MB (recovery register 1%)
Language: English
Support Platform: Linux, Windows.
Format: RAR
Downloadfile :

DL Link:

http://rapidshare.com/files/151930205/AIO_WHT2009_-_ErFeX__AiO.ProgramasFull.CoM.rar/

WIRELESS HACKING TUTORIAL

WEP is the wired equivalent privacy. This is the encryption standard for wireless until now. Many people do not even use WEP security because of the weak, troublesome, or WEP is pointless, because it can dicrack, although usually take a while to get enough data to get a WEP password, especially a very long password.

Consists of the WEP password and secret encryption. Password secret, shared between access point and all the people in the wireless network, consisting of 5 or 13 characters. Used by the encryption process for the communication package disamarkan throughout the WLAN, or Wireless Local Area Network. All packages are unique and random, so if someone make a crack in one package key, they can not see what the others do without cracking on them also.

This is all done using the secret password together with the three characters (the initialization Vector, or IV) is selected randomly by the wireless device. For example, if your password is "hello", may make "abchello" to a package, and "xyzhello" for the other.

WEP also uses XOR, or Exclusive OR, for encryption. XOR compares two bits, and if theyre different, it will return 1. If not, it will return 0. For example, 1 XOR 1 akan 0, and 1 XOR 0 akan 1.

Array is a variable that can store multiple values. For example, an array of ABC [26] will hold the value of 26, labeled 0 through 25.

Example:

alphabet [0] = 'A';
alphabet [1] = 'B';

void swap (char & first, char & second)
(
char temp = first;
first = second;
second = temp;
)

swap (alphabet [0], alphabet [1]);

If the values array randomely have swapped many times, it may not be sent to the array element that holds the value.

The actual algorithm used by WEP to encrypt the packet is RC4. RC4 consists of two steps: the password and Scheduling Algorithm Pseudo Random Generation Algorithm. The first part, the scheduling algorithms password, or KSA, as this code in C, assuming k [] is an array of secret password:

int n = 256;
char s [n];
/ / Initialization
for (int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i + +) s [i] = i; int j = 0; / / scrambling for (int l = 0; l <= (n - 1); l + + ) (j + = s [l] + k [l]; swap (s [l], s [j]);)

Let's study the code at the top until we know that:

1. Integer 'n' determines how the encryption kuay we make. Here using the WEP 256.
2. An array of character 'k' is the secret password in combination with the three characters false. This does not change at all in this program.
3. The '/ / initialisation' is only an initialization, as much as the characters 0-255.
4. Integer 'j' is used to hold the value for scrambling. Always diinisialisasi to 0, because it must always start at 0.
5. Next, (where '/ / scrambling') started the process of scrambling. Basically akan produce 's' is an array of "random" from the previous' s' specified array.
6. In the loop, which merges their password the first (k) with a random array (s) to create a finished character. Then, the call to swap () to put in an array of characters is completed.

Now it's time for the second algorithm of RC4, the Pseudo Random Generation Algorithm (PRGA). This section is based on the output stream password KSA's pseudo-random array. This key stream will be merged with the cleartext data to create data that is encrypted.

int i = 0;
int j = 0;
int z;
while (data_was here)
(
i + +;
j + = s [i];
swap (s [i], s [j]);
z = s [s [i] + s [j]];
/ / Z is outputted here
/ / And then XOR'd with cleartext
)
1. Integers' i 'and' j 'have been declared and diinisialisasi to 0.
2. There is a loop that runs until the end of the data packet is reached.
3. 'I' is incremented in each iteration of the loop so it stays running.
4. 'A' holds a pseudo-random number.
5. The other for the swap () is active in the character s [i] and s [j].
6. 'Z' is calculated by adding the s [i] and s [j] and take the appropriate number of elements in them. The reason for this will be explained later.
7. 'Z' is XOR'd with the cleartext to create a new text is encrypted.

CRC cyclic redundancy checksum stands for. When packages are sent to the entire network, there must be a way to know the host to receive the package has not been damaged in any way. This is the goal of the CRC. Before data is sent, the CRC value, or checksum, for the package to be sent with the package. If accepted, the new target host from using the CRC checksum. If the CRCs match, the packet's credibility has been confirmed.

Summarily. Access Point to create pseudo-random characters. They are joined by sharing prechosen password to create a secret password. KSA password and then use this to make pseudo-random array, used by the PRGA to create a streaming key. Password is then XOR with the cleartext to create the encrypted data, and entered into the CRC and make checksumnya.

Then, for receiving host decrypts. Characters added by the AP will be deleted and merged with the key to be sent back with the password secret. Password entry through the entire process of RC4, and XOR'd with the encrypted text, and create a cleartext checksum. Checksum will be deleted and then made a comparison to see if the data safe, and whether this is a genuine user.

Part II: Cracking WEP

Before we enter WEP cracking, let us study some flaws in the encryption process:

* There is 5% chance that the value in s [0]-s [3] will not change after three Iterations by KSA.
* The first value in the data is encrypted SNAP, which 0xAA, 10 or 170 basis. Sniffing the first byte of the encrypted text and XOR-ing with the 170 will output the first byte of the PRGA.
* A particular format of bytes given by the AP shows that he is weak and easy to crack. This format (B + 3, 255, X), where B is a byte from the password secret. Where X can be any value.

We will now talk about KSA. Let's set some variables for the "test":

* The character code is taken from the AP is 3255.7. We sniffed it from the air. We will use the test results have shown that the code is very weak.
* Shared Password is 22222. In practice, you will not know this.
* N is 256.
* If there is a value above 256, modulo operation will be performed on it. That is the value generated will be used.
* Array 's' has been ascertained, with the value 0-255.

Open the program Kismet. Kismet is a wireless scanner for Linux is free. When you open it, you'll see a list of WLAN within range. Select one and make a note of the four following details (note that the target computer obtained from each host on the WLAN):

* AP MAC Address
* MAC Address target computer.
* WEP - Key used
* Wi-Fi-channel used

Aircrack open and you will start capturing packets. You will also catch the IVs. But this takes a long time. He can even take several hours or days to capture the number of IVs to crack WEP password.

Fortunately, we can faster. For example, if a WLAN is very busy, it will be more traffic packages IVs, IVs so easily taken. If we continue to ping the network, will result in more packet data.

ping-l 50000-t ip_address

So what to do now? We have less data, but we must get the WEP password here. It's time to get void11. Void11 in the AP deauthenticate host to all who were there. Cutting off all made to the host. The first thing done in this case is automaticall who will try to reconnect the connection to the AP.

However, there is another technique called a replay attack. This captures a packet from a host on the WLAN, and then make spoofs host and repeat the packet over and over, hold back. Generate traffic data package which is very large. The best of this program is airreplay. This is used for what void11.

Open airodump. Now, thank you to the Replay Attack. IV running around 200 per second. Wow! You may get all the packages that are required within 10 minutes. All IVs are written into the file that will be taken. Then open aircrack. Aircrack will read all of the IVs in the capture of the file, and perform statistical analysis on the files page. Then, he will try to brute force a file that exists. After the find password, password will be given to you.
.. Finally: You have to get the password

Wednesday, March 18, 2009

WLAN Hacking System

Hacking Wireless Hotspot with Backtrack 2

This article does not match if the connect time, the system asks you to enter the encryption key. This article is not suitable if you have a website on the face page that asks you to enter a username and password. Opss .... But do not rush to stop reading this article first, who knows the place and time that you find other similar cases. This article can only dipraktikan if you have any wireless hotspot security as the Mac Address filter. Ok .. let's start ..

Prepare the following tools and materials:

* Laptop that support WLAN (perhaps a PC with a usb-WLAN you can bring to strong everywhere:-D)
* Backtrack 2 Live CD (Linux Auditor's successor, can be downloaded here)
* Mac changer for windows such as a-Mac Address Change (can be downloaded here)

Steps:

1. Turn on your laptop with booting from the CD / DVD
2. Insert the CD Backtrack wait until the system ready and enter the login: root and password: toor
3. Type "startx" without quotes.
4. After the X-Windows Backtrack it appears click the button KDE -> Backtrack -> Radio Network Analysis -> 80211 -> all -> airodump
5. At the command line type: airodump-ng eth1 (adjusted with the device you are on)
6. Specify the desired target ESSID and record Mac Address client that connects to the ESSID targets, such as the pictures here
7. Change your Mac Address WLAN with the click of a button KDE -> Backtrack -> Radio Network Analysis -> 80211 -> all -> mac change, for details, click here
8. click the button KDE -> Internet -> Wireless Assistant to try to connect to the target ESSID.
9. Backtrack reboot from windows, then install a-Mac Address Change Mac Address, and change your WLAN.
10. Test the connection to the target ESSID.

Post by: Rengzzone

Wireless Hack



Wireless Hacking howdah-By-Tranfianto

With the ease of accessing the internet via wireless, many laptop users are always looking for or use the hotspot is always active. There is simply open the email, there is a cuman just browsing, even, there is also a duty to send the office. The owner and hotspot users may not realize that, among those who intend no evil. For simple cases, a false public hotspot can trap the users to provide their username and password without them realize that they gave it. in this article, I will describe some of the tricks used by some people who intend in using wireless ugly. To prevent problems, can be seen in another article in this website is to provide solutions and prevent.

To make wireless hacking, the first step is the search for the nearest wireless network with you. This can be done with wardrive (if done outside the room) or wander around the hotspot (if in the room). In this article, the author tried to decipher how to use the more secure because wardrive and remember we are only trying to find out which wireless networks are weak.

Wardrive

Wardrive electronic fishing expedition is to search for the weak wireless networks around you. Most people, most of the wireless network is not even given a password or encryption to protect it.
This activity is carried out to find the network which will be the object of attacks. So, we can make attacks against wireless networks that have made us a target. To do this, simple equipment needed to get started.

List of equipment needed:
• GPS receiver
if you already have the GPS, you can easily mark any areas that you explore and mark out specific areas in which you are browsing is there a wireless network is weak.

• Wireless PCMI card
Equipment is needed to extend your wireless network. Typically, this equipment is equipped with a jack for wireless receiver antenna or supporting provider network to obtain a wider network.

• Wireless antenna receiver
Equipment is needed to increase the coverage of PCMI wireless card that you have to connect them to the jack in your wireless card. If the wireless card you have does not have a jack, you can buy a wireless antenna using a usb port that has been circulating in the market. But, if you are not satisfied with the ability to obtain the network using equipment you have, you can membikinnya with cheap by following the instructions on the website below:
http://www.instructables.com/id/EQARE4I72GEPUCHTHU/

Search Wireless Network

Most wireless networks that do not have any outstanding security or encryption that protect it. For tracking, the equipment required to support. There are two tools that are usually used for this purpose.

• Network Stumbler better known NetStumbler
Windows-based software is very easy to find the wireless signal that emanated from the hotspot to the user. The author saw many wireless users use this software to find the right location to get the signal from the wireless hotspot or a strong mensurvei whether hotspot in the area is good or not.

• Kismet
One of the functions that are missing from NetStumbler is the ability to display the SSID of the hotspot. on the access point, they were every broadcast this info, contains most of the info SSID that is not legible, or encrypted. This program will find and display the SSID is not broadcast by the hotspot and it is very important to search for wireless networks that will be tested.

Entering the wireless networks that have been found

Find a network after the network, the next step is to try to connect to your network. If the network does not use security encryption, you can directly access to the SSID. If the SSID is not broadcast, you can enter the SSID that is not in the broadcast. Of course, you can easily find that the broadcast does not use features that have not kismet? If the network is encrypted, you need one of the tools below.

• CowPatty
This method uses brute force to open the WPA-PSK, PSK, which itself is considered a new unrtuk WEP security on wireless security rumah.Progam try some of these various options comes from the dictionary file if anyone is in accordance with what is used as key

• ASLeap
if there is a network that uses Leap, this tool can be used to search for data such as username and password that are online in the network, and access override the owner.LEAP not protect the process, such as EAP, which is a major weakness for the Leap.

steal Wireless Data

No matter whether you are connected directly to the wireless network or not, if there is a wireless network in the area near you, always have the data through the network at any time in it. To retrieve data, you need to retrieve the equipment or see the data.

• Wireshark (Ethereal predecessor)
where there is still debate on how to ynag the fastest in this program, there is no doubt that this software is very useful. he can find a wireless network with no security info. this software can mecuri data from the 802.11 hotspot management and can also be used as a tool to search for a hotspot does not protect himself with the SSID.

• SwitchSniffer
This software is a program that can search for the active user in the LAN switch network and can take a whole packet of data without the consent of the user, this software can also detect the program running and arpspoofer session membokir such defense firewal. if you combine this program with a sniffer program, you can view and retrieve the user id and password of another user in your network.

Your next action?

Once you know how the process of hacking, it's like you want data or hotspot that you have and you find that exploitation. if you want to report to the admin that there are weaknesses hotspot, you have become part of the Ethical hackers. but, even if you use the hotspot, then you become Blackcap Hacker. you want to choose what to be, you are right. I only share info only. I hope this tutorial useful for you.

Source:
- Hack Proofing your network
- Hacking wireless networks for dummies
- Http://www.ethicalhacker.net/content/view/16/24/